安装 WSL

  • 管理员打开PowerShell命令行运行以下命令： Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux （或打开控制面板\程序\启用或关闭Windows功能——勾选适用于Linux的Windows子系统）
  • 重启
  • 打开应用商店，搜索WSL，选择Ubuntu（或其他版本）安装
  • 开始菜单中打开Ubuntu，第一次进入设置用户名密码。

安装 VS Code

Download

WSL 设置

#创建工程文件夹
mkdir projects
cd projects
mkdir helloworld

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential gdb
#检查g++，gdb
whereis g++
whereis gdb

VS Code 设置

创建工程目录，例如C:\Users\ricar\projects\new，用vscode打开此目录

PowerShell操作如下

mkdir projects
cd projects
mkdir new
cd new
code .

将WSL设置为默认Terminal

Ctrl+Shift+P打开命令行，找到 Terminal: Select Default Shell，选择WSL

设置编译路径

Ctrl+Shift+P C/C++:Edit Configurations (UI)打开设置页 找到Compiler path，输入/usr/bin/g++ IntelliSense mode设置为 ${default}或gcc-x64.

创建 build task

命令行找到Tasks: Configure Default Build Task 选择Create tasks.json file from template，Others task.json替换成以下内容

 {
     "version": "2.0.0",
     "windows": {
         "options": {
             "shell": {
                 "executable": "bash.exe",
                 "args": ["-c"]
             }
         }
     },
     "tasks": [
         {
             "label": "build hello world on WSL",
             "type": "shell",
             "command": "g++",
             "args": [
                 "-g",
                 "-o",
                 "/home/<第一步中设置的linux用户名>/projects/new/new.out",
                 "new.cpp"
             ],
             "group": {
                 "kind": "build",
                 "isDefault": true
             }
         }
     ]
 }

设置debug

F5开始调试，Debug > Add Configuration…C++ (GDB/LLDB) 修改launch.json内容

{
"version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "/home/<linux用户名>/projects/new/new.out",
            "args": [""],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "/home/<linux用户名>/projects/new/",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "windows": {
                "MIMode": "gdb",
                "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb",
                "setupCommands": [
                    {
                        "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                        "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                        "ignoreFailures": true
                    }
                ]
            },
            "pipeTransport": {
                "pipeCwd": "",
                "pipeProgram": "c:\\windows\\sysnative\\bash.exe",
                "pipeArgs": ["-c"],
                "debuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"
            },
            "sourceFileMap": {
                "/mnt/c": "${env:systemdrive}/",
                "/usr": "C:\\Users\\<path to WSL directory which you will place here later>"
            }
        }
    ]
}

创建new.cpp

 #include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
 #include <string>

 using namespace std;

 int main()
 {

     vector<string> msg {"Hello", "C++", "World", "from", "VS Code!", "and the C++ extension!"};

     for (const string& word : msg)
     {
         cout << word << " ";
     }
     cout << endl;
 }

选中vector，右键跳转到定义 Go to definition 复制头文件的路径，提取usr路径放到launch.json中sourceFileMap下，例如： C:\\Users\\ricar\\AppData\\Local\\Packages\\CanonicalGroupLimited.UbuntuonWindows_79rhkp1fndgsc\\LocalState\\rootfs\\usr\\

编译

Ctrl+Shift+B

调试

F5

移植

创建workspace, 复制三个 .json 文件到 .vscode文件夹 需要修改的内容：

  • tasks.json:
"args": [
                "-g",
                "-o",
                ".out路径",
                ".cpp文件"
            ],
  • launch.json:
"program": ".out路径"
...
"cwd": "工程目录"